What is Microtia?
Congenital absence of ear is known as “microtia” in the medical literature. It is an anomaly in which the development of the auricle or ear canal is incompleted. It can affect both the appearance and the hearing ability of ear. Fortunately, with modern microsurgical and reconstructive techniques, microtia reconstruction can be performed to correct this issue. In this article, current information about Congenital Absence of Ear (Microtia) Reconstruction: Ear Aesthetics and Ear Reconstruction is summarized. Here is information about how microtia reconstruction surgery is performed, the treatment process, and post-operative recovery:
Classification of Microtia
Microtia is divided into three main categories that have different degrees of severity:
a. Grade 1: Small auricle is present, but the ear canal is completely closed.
b. Grade 2: The auricle is more developed, but the ear canal is still completely closed.
c. Grade 3: The auricle and ear canal are not well developed. The most advanced form of this condition is called Anotia (absence of the ear).
Treatment Process of Microtia Reconstruction Surgery
Surgical Planning:
Surgical planning for microtia reconstruction depends on the patient’s condition and the degree of microtia. The surgeon evaluates the patient and determines the most appropriate reconstruction method. At this stage, the goals and expectations of the surgery should be discussed in detail with the patient and his/her family.
Anesthesia:
Reconstruction surgery is performed under general anesthesia, meaning the patient is asleep and does not feel any pain during the surgery. An anesthesia team supervised by an anesthesiologist is involved in the procedure.
Surgical Intervention:
Microtia reconstruction surgery can vary depending on the chosen surgical method. Here are some commonly used techniques:
a. Rib Cartilage Reconstruction: In this method, a piece of cartilage is taken from the patient’s rib and used to reconstruct the ear cartilage skeleton structure. Cartilage supports the shape of the ear and its structural.
b. Autoplasty:This method is a surgical procedure that corrects the shape and position of the auricle. It is usually preferred in milder cases of microtia.
c. Ear Prosthetis: An ear prosthetis is a non-surgical option where an artificial auricle is placed. This method may be an alternative for patients who do not want to undergo surgery or are not suitable for other surgical options.
Today, a gradual treatment approach is preferred to achieve the best results in modern microtia reconstructions. In the first session, the cartilage skeleton that gives the shape of the ear is formed by using cartilage taken from the rib cage. The tissue taken from the scalp (temporal fascia flap) is used in the same session or in the following session.
Recovery After Surgery
The patient’s recovery process is important after microtia reconstruction surgery. Here are some general steps and expectations:
a. Hospital Stay: Microtia reconstruction usually requires a few days of hospital stay. This time may vary depending on the patient’s condition and the complexity of the surgery.
b. Swelling and Bruising: Swelling and bruising are normal in the postoperative period. These usually diminish within a few weeks. Cold compresses and recommended medications can reduce swelling and bruising.
c. Pain and Discomfort: There may be pain and discomfort after surgery. This can be controlled with painkillers prescribed by the doctor. As the healing process continues, the pain will decrease.
d. Stitches and Bandages: Stitches and bandages in the surgical area should be protected for the time determined by the surgeon. In the postoperative period, it is important to pay attention to proper hygiene measures.
e. Controls and Follow-up: Regular controls are important during the recovery period. The doctor will follow the recovery, provide guidance on post-operative instructions. These controls are important to ensure that the patient’s healing process is progressing properly.
Long Term Results
The results obtained after Microtia reconstruction surgery are mostly successful. Patients can wear glasses in the future Hearing can be optimized by using hearing aids in the postoperative period. Long-term results may vary depending on the patient’s personal condition, degree of deformity, and the complexity of the surgery.
Congenital absence of ear (microtia) reconstruction is an effective method to improve the appearance of the ear. Families with a child who has microtia can consult with a plastic surgeon to determine the best reconstruction option. The reconstruction process and recovery period may vary for each patient, so it’s important to follow the doctor’s recommendations and attend regular check-ups. In conclusion, Microtia reconstruction is highly effective in improving ear appearance.
